Risk assessment of drug management process in women surgery department of qaem educational hospital [QEH] using HFMEA method [2013]

Evaluation and improvement of drug management process are essential for patient safety. The present study was performed whit the aim of assessing risk of drug management process in Women Surgery Department of QEH using HFMEA method in 2013. A mixed method was used to analyze failure modes and their effects with HFMEA. To classify failure modes; nursing errors in clinical management model, for classifying factors affecting error; approved model by the UK National Health System, and for determining solutions for improvement; Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, were used. 48 failure modes were identified for 14 sub-process of five steps drug management process. The frequency of failure modes were as follow: 35.3% in supplying step, 20.75% in prescription step, 10.4% in preparing step, 22.9% in distribution step and 10.35% in follow up and monitoring step. Seventeen failure modes [35.14%] were considered as non-acceptable risk [hazard score = 8] and were transferred to decision tree. Among 51 Influencing factors, the most common reasons for error were related to environmental factors [21.5%], and the less common reasons for error were related to patient factors [4.3%]. HFMEA is a useful tool to evaluating, prioritization and analyzing failure modes in drug management process. Revision drug management process based focus-PDCA, assessing adverse drug reactions [ADR], USE patient identification bracelet, holding periodical pharmaceutical conferences to improve personnel knowledge, patient contribution in drug therapy; are performance solutions which were placed in work order

[ effect of whole-body vibration on vehicle driver's reaction time and mental and physiological workload]

Widespread advance of new technologies, especially in transportation industry poses human encounter with whole-body vibration. Besides biomechanical and physiological effects of whole-body vibration, it also has emotional and cognitive effects. Mental fatigue is an important factor in driving that can decrease driver's performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of whole-body vibration on vehicle driver's reaction time, mental and physiological workload. In this laboratory and interventional study, 40 volunteers from university students [all male with average age 23.07 +/- 2.5 and average BMI 22.8 +/- 1.07] randomly selected. This study consists of three stages. In these stages, participants were encountered with three levels of whole-body vibration [low, average, high], 3-7 Hertz frequency in vertical direction that produced with a vibration simulator. In every stage, participants performed a selective visual reaction time test, and correct and incorrect answers recorded. During performing the test, the average heart rate as an indicator of physiological workload was recorded with sport tester at each stage. At the last of each stage, there was 5-minute break, and we wanted them to fill NASA TLX questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA test. The results of this study showed that the vibration intensity has the significant effect on average heart rate [P=0.000], mental workload [P=0.01], average of correct answers [P=0.01] and incorrect answers [P=0.01], But it has no effect on reaction time. The results showed whole-body vibration decreases mental performance and increases physiological fatigue. So control of whole-body vibration in high intensity has an important role in promotion of safety and convenience

relationship between occupation and semen quality

Infertility can be a major concern for couples trying to conceive, and occupational hazards may constitute a main cause of infertility in men. Studies conducted throughout the world indicate that physical and chemical hazards in the workplace can have a negative impact on male fertility. The main objective of this study was to determine the frequency of occupational categories of men who attended an infertility clinic, and to evaluate the differences in the semen quality parameters among occupational categories. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1164 males who were referred to the Infertility Research Center in Tehran for treatment of infertility in order to evaluate the effects of certain occupations on infertility. The participants were divided into several categories according to their occupations and evaluated by means of a questionnaire for duration of infertility, BMI, sperm count, percentage of normal sperm morphology and percentages of sperm with class A and class B motilities. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and correlations were conducted using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean sperm count or sperm morphology between occupational categories. Assessment of the differences in the frequency of sperm motility classes between occupational categories revealed a significant difference only in the frequency of sperm with class B motility. The lowest mean percentages of sperm with class B motility were seen in those involved in the transportation industry, a finding in agreement with a number of other researches. Our findings revealed an association between occupation and sperm motility. Since our study population was relatively small and in many cases exposures to work hazards were brief, a larger study group must be evaluated in order to support the preliminary results of this study